ARTICLE
to_upper , to_lower , to_mixed , from_mixed -
Case Functions
Syntax Forms
1. ... to_upper( [val =] text ) ...
2. ... to_lower( [val =] text ) ...
3. ... to_mixed( [val =] text [sep
= sep] [case = case] [min = min] ) ...
4. ... from_mixed( [val =] text
[sep = sep] [case = case] [min = min] ) ...
Effect
These functions return the character string from
text after it has been converted
according to the following case rules:
The function to_upper converts all letters in the character
string to uppercase letters.
The function to_lower converts all letters in the character
string to lowercase letters.
The function to_mixed converts all letters in the character
string to lowercase letters from the second position. It then removes
occurrences of the first character specified in sep from the
character string (from left to right from the second position) and
converts the next letter to an uppercase letter. The default value for
separator sep is an underscore ( _ ). If case is not
specified, the first character of the string remains unchanged. If
case is specified and the first character of case is an
uppercase letter, the first character in the string is also uppercase
and then lowercase in all other occurrences. You can pass a positive
number to min to specify a minimum number of characters that must
appear before a separator (from the start of the string or since the
last replacement) before the separator becomes effective. The default
value for min is 1.
The function from_mixed inserts the first character specified in
sep before each uppercase letter (from left to right and from the
second position). The default value for separator sep is an
underscore ( _ ). If case is not specified or if the first
character in case is an uppercase letter, the entire string is
displayed as uppercase; otherwise it is displayed as lowercase. You can
pass a positive number to min to specify a minimum number of
characters that must appear before an uppercase letter (from the start
of the string or since the last insert) so that a separator is inserted.
The default value for min is 1.
sep is a character-like
expression position . If they have a fixed length, trailing blanks are
ignored. min is a
numerical expression position of type i . case expects a
character-like data object with a fixed length. You can omit
val =
only if none of the optional arguments are specified. If sep
is an empty string or if min is negative, an exception of class
CX_SY_STRG_PAR_VAL is raised.
The return code has the type string accordingly.
Latest notes: The functions to_mixed and from_mixed are
used to convert standard ABAP naming conventions for labels with
underscores to standard Java naming conventions with uppercase and
lowercase letters and the other way around.
In non-Unicode systems, the conversion of the case depends on the
text environment . Problems can arise
if the language of the text environment is different to the language in
which the data to be processed has been entered. To avoid these kinds of
problems, the text environment must be configured accordingly using the
SET LOCALE statement before the conversion
takes place.
Example
See String Functions, to_mixed
, and from_mixed .
Runtime Exceptions
Catchable Exceptions
CX_SY_STRG_PAR_VAL
Reason for error: The separator in sep is empty or the minimum
number in min is negative.
Runtime error: STRG_ILLEGAL_PAR
Documentation extract taken from SAP system, � Copyright SAP AG. All rights reserved